陳妙星
慈濟技術學院護理系講師
陳月枝
弘光科技大學護理研究所教授
摘 要
本文主要經由文獻的回顧，探討音樂治療對治療過程中兒童疼痛、焦慮、困擾緩解之成效。研究目的：瞭解音樂治療在兒童疼痛、焦慮、困擾緩解成效之結果與相關研究之差異。研究方法：經電子資料庫2000-2007年的資料收集，最後以五篇以音樂治療為介入措施，主要以實證護理中實驗控制研究設計的研究文章加以評析，在研究設計中，雖為隨機分配之研究設計，但多未詳述運用何種隨機方式，五篇文章均無法運用雙盲於實際研究中。研究結果：音樂治療在兒童疼痛緩解並非都可有效降低疼痛，但在主觀感受上是可減輕疼痛，音樂治療可減輕在兒童精神心理層面上如焦慮及行為困擾，音樂治療師的執行方式多為選擇病童喜愛的歌曲一同參與。結論與建議：音樂治療為非侵入性緩解兒童疼痛、焦慮、困擾方式之一，對於音樂治療評估工具的發展以及音樂治療師與護理人員執行音樂治療之差異，是可進一步研究之方向，並推廣運用於護理實務與護理教育中。
關鍵字：音樂治療、兒童疼痛、焦慮與困擾
The effects of music therapy on pediatric pain、anxiety and distress：A systematic review
Hsing Miao Chen
Instructor, Department of Nursing,
Yueh-Chih Chen
Professor, Graduate
Abstract
This study is to explore the effects of music therapy on pediatric pain, anxiety and distress in medical treatment via literature review. Purpose: This review aims to understand the effects of music therapy on pediatric pain, anxiety and distress. Methods: Using Medline electrical database search between 2000 to 2007, five papers in the music therapy interventions with randomized controlled design trials were studied. We analyzed the method and data analyses sections and found that no details of how the random assign and double blind processes were conducted for these selected papers. Results: music therapy doesn’t reduce pain for all studies. However subjects’ perception not only can decrease physical pain, but also reduce anxiety and distress. For most music treatment procedures, therapists use patients’ favorite songs combing with other treatments. Conclusion and Suggestion: The music therapy is one of the effective intervention to reduce pain, anxiety and distress of uninvasive technique procedures. For the future studies, the assessment tool evaluations, and the different treatment procedures between music therapists and nurses are the main focuses.
Key words：music therapy, pediatric pain, anxiety and distress.