台灣北、東、中、南四個道場民間佛教宣講譬喻研究
謝易真
慈濟技術學院通識教育中心
摘 要
本文實際調查台灣北、東、中、南四個道場民間佛教宣講譬喻之內容。就佛典中而言，「譬喻」一詞出自佛典十二分教的分類方式，即所謂的「阿波陀那」（avadana）。根據日本的前田惠學博士對「阿波陀那」的研究，avadana包括以故事的特性釋意及以字詞上譬喻的特性釋意兩個特質。
根據田野調查也發現運用故事與字詞上的譬喻的確是宣講現場時常運用的方法，本文以此二者為主軸，記錄並加以歸納研究，我們發現台灣民間佛教宣講運用譬喻，拉近了聖與俗的距離；也使得佛教宣講變得令人喜聞樂見。另一方面，其展現的特色在於相當貼近現代潮流的趨勢，且部分能呼應台灣在地的城鄉特色，並能融合傳統文獻與宣講師創新思維。
實際記錄並綜合整理出在2960分鐘的民間佛教宣講中，運用了170個字詞上的譬喻，字詞譬喻的使用，有的將深奧的佛理通俗化；有的將抽象的境界具象化。在同樣時間內也說了14個完整的故事，藉由生動、有趣的故事情節發展，引領人們閒適愉悅地體會佛教深刻的法理。
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The Study of the Employment of Literature in the Buddhist Preaching in Taiwan - Taking Four Temples Located in northern, Eastern, Central, and Southern Taiwan for Example
I-Chen Hsieh
General Education Center
Tzu Chi College of Technology
Abstract
The purpose of this paper aims to investigate the employment of literature in the preaching in four Buddhist temples in Taiwan, located in the North, the East, the Central, and the South respectively. One hundred and seventy-two similes and metaphors are found in the 2960-munute recording, with an average of one simile or metaphor every 17 munutes, In the course of the preaching, 14 complete stories are told during these 2960 minutes, with an average of 211 minutes for each story. The stories are calssified into three categories. These fourteen stories help people to comprehend the profound Buddhist doctrines via the development of the plot of the stories. We find that the Buddhist preaching has become attravtive with the employment of literary elements.