兩性工作平等法綜論

謝易達**

慈濟技術學院通識教育中心

摘　要

近幾年來，台灣地區兩性受高等教育的機會可說是毫無差異，學者卻從研究中發現，由於受到性別區隔及職業區隔等因素的影響，女性的勞動參與率與薪資所得是遠低於男性，甚至在求職過程中，還要受到許多不平等的對待與騷擾，憲法中有關兩性平等、保障人民權利的理念，並未充分得到實踐。此外，由於女性所獨有的生理現象及社會期待，女性在職場上，要比男性承受更多的就業壓力，在實踐兩性工作平等此一理念時，除了要消弭過去廣為存在的性別歧視、追求兩性形式平等外，如何從「母性保護」、「社會連帶」的思維，採取積極措施促進兩性工作權的實質平等，才是政府及民間部門之考驗所在。本研究擬以兩性工作平等法的立法目的為論述導引，並以孫中山及羅爾斯（Rawls）的平等觀及正義論的論點來探討賦予女性性別正義的真義，另藉由此法律的內容探討，分析對公、私部門相關人事任用法規、組織文化之可能衝擊及因應之道，最後提出相關建議。

關鍵字：兩性工作平等法（Gender Equality in Employment Law）、孫中山（Sun Yat-sen）、羅爾斯（Rawls）、平等（Equality）、正義（Justice）



The Discussion of Gender Equality in Employment Law

Yi-Da Hsieh

Department of General Education Center

Tzu Chi Colleage of Technology

Abstract

There should be no difference in opportunities for males and females. Some investigations indicated that the rate of employment and compensation of females are much less than males. Even though the constitution points out the concept of equality between males and females, this concept has not been fulfilled until now. Although the labor law has clauses to protect the employment right and physical health of females, in practice, the fulfillment of the law is still not enough. In addition, according to physical and social expectation from female, they get occupational pressures more than males. In fulfilled equality in employment’s concept, We need not only eliminate the gender discrimination, but also fulfill the substance of gender equality in employment. The researches induce gender equality in employment to legislation, and discuss the real meaning of justice of females. By the way the next is to discuss the law, analysis public and private department’s related job hiring rules and organizations culture’s impaction and solution. The final is to proposed related suggestion.